Share:


Impacts of human resources management strategies and practices on workers performance in construction industry: a review

    Mohammed N. Maliha Affiliation
    ; Bassam A. Tayeh Affiliation
    ; Yazan Issa Abu Aisheh Affiliation

Abstract

Human resource management (HRM) plays a vital role in the growth and sustainability of companies and in achieving company objectives, as HRM relates to the workers’ practices and their functional roles. The main objective of this paper is to identify the HRM strategies, practices and their impact on worker’s performance in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) Industry. The method which was used in this study was based on three stages. After the completion of the database and web engine search, the total number of sources found were 149. Next, the sources’ titles and abstracts were reviewed and those marked as relevant to the review were chosen to be retrieved and thoroughly reviewed. The sources were chosen based on the following inclusion criteria: (a) the sources implied in HRM strategies in the AEC industry, (b) the sources released between 2010 and 2023, (c) the online sources, and (d) the English-language sources. Also, the selected sources are reviewed to extract the factors using the content analysis method which is a thorough and systematic study of the contents of a specific body of material. In addition, content analysis is carried out to extract practices of HRM strategies and their impact on worker performance. This can be followed up and observed through the figures and tables that come later. As a final result, which concludes the outputs of the previous stages which results in a first-round total of 31 HRM strategies practice but in the second-round result of reaching 39 different sources from 149 related sources. After that, discussing the most popular between them based on the appearance of it in the sources which reviewed beside that, the impact of it on worker’s performance were viewed in the AEC industry. Based on that, it was found the following 5 categories of strategies: (1) Human Resources Planning; (2) Polarization and Recruitment; (3) Training and Development; (4) Human Resources Following-up; (5) Career Planning. At the same time the most popular practices are based on appearance in sources: In terms of Human Resources Planning Strategy, “The company’s management analyses the functions accurately”. In Polarization and Recruitment Strategy, “The company’s internal resources are the best to provide its human resource needs” and “Selection and recruitment policies are in line with the company’s current and future needs”. In Training and Development of Human Resources Strategy, “The company evaluates the results of development and training programs to achieve the purpose of feedback”. In Human Resources Following-up Strategy, “There is a fair incentive system in the company”. In Career Planning Strategy, “There is a clear description of the relationship of workers to each other”. Finally, human resource management strategies and practices are one of the major players in the AEC industry, which is evidenced by its impact on the performance of workers.


First published online 22 October 2024

Keyword : human resources, human resources management, strategies, workers performance, performance management, construction, AEC industry

How to Cite
Maliha, M. N., Tayeh, B. A., & Abu Aisheh, Y. I. (2024). Impacts of human resources management strategies and practices on workers performance in construction industry: a review. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2024.20989
Published in Issue
Oct 22, 2024
Abstract Views
321
PDF Downloads
88
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (2009). Benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 451–474. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163505

Ahmad, N., & Jameel, M. (2016). HRM practices as predictor of employee performance and job satisfaction: A study of Nespak, Pakistan. Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 4(1), 38–53. https://doi.org/10.12816/0031517

Akong’o Dimba, B. (2010). Strategic human resource management practices: effect on performance. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 1(2), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.1108/20400701011073455

Al‐Ahmadi, H. (2009). Factors affecting performance of hospital nurses in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 22(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1108/09526860910927943

Alqudah, I. H. A., Carballo-Penela, A., & Ruzo-Sanmartín, E. (2022). High-performance human resource management practices and readiness for change: An integrative model including affective commitment, employees’ performance, and the moderating role of hierarchy culture. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(1), Article 100177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2021.100177

Al-Qudah, S., & Obeidat, A. (2020). The impact of strategic human resources planning on the organizational performance of public shareholding companies in Jordan. Business Perspectives, 18(1), 219–230. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(1).2020.19

AlShaikhly, N. (2017). The impact of human resource management practices on employee satisfaction: A field study in the Jordanian telecommunication companies. Middle East University.

Armstrong, M. (2006). A handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers.

Armstrong, M. (2009). Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice (11th ed.). Kogan Page Publishers.

Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2023). Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice: A guide to the theory and practice of people management. Kogan Page Publishers.

Atmaja, D. S., Zaroni, A. N., & Yusuf, M. (2023). Actualization of performance management models for the development of human resources quality, economic potential, and financial governance policy in Indonesia Ministry of Education. Multicultural Education, 9(1), 39–45.

Ballot, G., Fakhfakh, F., & Taymaz, E. (2006). Who benefits from training and R&D, the firm or the workers?. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 44(3), 473–495. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.2006.00509.x

Barbeito, C. L. (2004). Human resource policies and procedures for nonprofit organizations. John Wiley & Sons.

Beardwell, I., Holden, L., & Claydon, T. (2004). Human resource management. A contemporary approach (4th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.

Becker, B., & Gerhart, B. (1996). The impact of human resource management on organizational performance: Progress and prospects. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 779–801. https://doi.org/10.2307/256712

Becker, B. E., Huselid, M. A., Becker, B. E., & Huselid, M. A. (1998). High performance work systems and firm performance: A synthesis of research and managerial implications. Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 16, 53–101.

Bloisi, W. (2007). An introduction to human resource management. McGraw-Hill Education.

Boselie, P., Dietz, G., & Boon, C. (2005). Commonalities and contradictions in HRM and performance research. Human Resource Management Journal, 15(3), 67–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2005.tb00154.x

Boxall, P., & Purcell, J. (2011). Strategy and human resource management. Macmillan International Higher Education.

Bratton, J., & Gold, J. (2017). Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58668-1

Byars, L. L., & Rue, L. W. (2006). Human resource management. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Caldwell, D. F., Chatman, J. A., & O’Reilly, C. A. (1990). Building organizational commitment: A multifirm study. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(3), 245–261. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00525.x

Cania, L. (2014). The impact of strategic human resource management on organizational performance. Economia. Seria Management, 17(2), 373–383.

Carroll, M., Marchington, M., Earnshaw, J., & Taylor, S. (1999). Recruitment in small firms: Processes, methods and problems. Employee Relations, 21(3), 236–250. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425459910273080

Chowdhury, S., Dey, P., Joel-Edgar, S., Bhattacharya, S., Rodriguez-Espindola, O., Abadie, A., & Truong, L. (2023). Unlocking the value of artificial intelligence in human resource management through AI capability framework. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), Article 100899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100899

Christen, M., Iyer, G., & Soberman, D. (2006). Job satisfaction, job performance, and effort: A reexamination using agency theory. Journal of Marketing, 70(1), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.1.137.qxd

Cohrs, J. C., Abele, A. E., & Dette, D. E. (2006). Integrating situational and dispositional determinants of job satisfaction: Findings from three samples of professionals. The Journal of Psychology, 140(4), 363–395. https://doi.org/10.3200/JRLP.140.4.363-395

Conti, G. (2005). Training, productivity and wages in Italy. Labour Economics, 12(4), 557–576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2005.05.007

Dabirian, S., Abbaspour, S., Khanzadi, M., & Ahmadi, M. (2022). Dynamic modelling of human resource allocation in construction projects. International Journal of Construction Management, 22(2), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2019.1616411

Dearden, L., Reed, H., & Van Reenen, J. (2006). The impact of training on productivity and wages: Evidence from British panel data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 68(4), 397–421. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.2006.00170.x

Delaney, J. T., & Huselid, M. A. (1996). The impact of human resource management practices on perceptions of organizational performance. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 949–969. https://doi.org/10.2307/256713

Delery, J. E., & Doty, D. H. (1996). Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management: Tests of universalistic, contingency, and configurational performance predictions. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 802–835.

Dessler, G. (2008). Human resource management. Pearson Prentice Hall.

Dessler, G. (2009). A framework for human resource management. Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Dessler, G. (2016). Fundamentals of human resource management. Pearson.

Dwivedi, R. S. (2009). A textbook of human resource management. Vikas Publishing House.

Edgar, F., & Geare, A. (2005). HRM practice and employee attitudes: different measures–different results. Personnel Review, 34(5), 534–549. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480510612503

El-Hallaq, K., & Tayeh, B. A. (2016). Strategic planning in construction companies in Gaza Strip. Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2(2), 167–174.

Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Fiorito, J., Bozeman, D. P., Young, A., & Meurs, J. A. (2007). Organizational commitment, human resource practices, and organizational characteristics. Journal of Managerial Issues, 19(2), 186–207.

Gardner, T. M., Wright, P. M., & Moynihan, L. M. (2011). The impact of motivation, empowerment, and skill‐enhancing practices on aggregate voluntary turnover: The mediating effect of collective affective commitment. Personnel Psychology, 64(2), 315–350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01212.x

Gehlot, M., & Shrivastava, S. (2022). Sustainable construction practices: A perspective view of Indian construction industry professionals. Materials Today: Proceedings, 61, 315–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.09.493

Georgiadis, A., & Pitelis, C. N. (2012). Human resources and SME performance in services: Empirical evidence from the UK. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(4), 808–825. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.561236

Gepner, P., Tien, N. H., Dao, M. T. H., & Minh, D. T. (2022). Analysis of business strategy of leading Vietnamese real estate developers using SWOT matrix. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 3(1), 181–187.

Gerhart, B., Milkovich, G. T., & Murray, B. (1992). Pay, performance, and participation. In CAHRS Working Paper Series, Article 314.

Gile, P. P. (2013). The effect of human resource practices on employee performance in hospitals: A systematic review. Working Paper of Public Health, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/wpph.2013.6756

Goldstein, I. L., & Ford, J. K. (2002). Training in organisations. Wadsworth.

Gould-Williams, J., & Davies, F. (2005). Using social exchange theory to predict the effects of HRM practice on employee outcomes: An analysis of public sector workers. Public Management Review, 7(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1471903042000339392

Grabowski, M., Ayyalasomayajula, P., Merrick, J., & Mccafferty, D. (2007). Accident precursors and safety nets: leading indicators of tanker operations safety. Maritime Policy & Management, 34(5), 405–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088830701585084

Graetz, F., Rimmer, M., Lawrence, A., & Smith, A. (2006). Managing organisational change. John Wiley & Sons.

Grossman, R., & Salas, E. (2011). The transfer of training: What really matters. International Journal of Training and Development, 15(2), 103–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2419.2011.00373.x

Guest, D. E. (1997). Human resource management and performance: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 8(3), 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/095851997341630

Guest, D. E. (2011). Human resource management and performance: still searching for some answers. Human Resource Management Journal, 21(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2010.00164.x

Guest, D. E., Michie, J., Conway, N., & Sheehan, M. (2003). Human resource management and corporate performance in the UK. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41(2), 291–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8543.00273

Gurmu, A., & Ongkowijoyo, C. (2020). Predicting construction labor productivity based on implementation levels of human resource management practices. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 146, Article 04019115. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001775

Hamid, Z., Muzamil, M., & Shah, S. A. (2022). Strategic human resource management. In Research anthology on human resource practices for the modern workforce (pp. 1–16). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3873-2.ch001

Hassan, S. (2016). Impact of HRM practices on employee’s performance. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 6(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v6-i1/1951

Hassan, Z. (2022). Employee retention through effective human resource management practices in Maldives: Mediation effects of compensation and rewards system. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 18(2), 137–174. https://doi.org/10.7341/20221825

Hausdorf, P. A., & Duncan, D. (2004). Firm size and internet recruiting in Canada: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Small Business Management, 42(3), 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2004.00114.x

Heshizer, B. (1994). The impact of flexible benefits plans on job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intentions. Benefits Quarterly, 10(4), 84–90.

Hope‐Hailey, V., Gratton, L., McGovern, P., Stiles, P., & Truss, C. (1997). A chameleon function? HRM in the ‘90s. Human Resource Management Journal, 7(3), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.1997.tb00421.x

Huselid, M. A. (1995). The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(3), 635–672. https://doi.org/10.2307/256741

Ifediora, C. O., & Keke, O. V. (2019). Human resources management practices and real estate project management success in Awka South L.G.A., Anambra State. International Journal of Civil Engineering, Construction and Estate Management, 7(2), 1–15.

Ilic, B. S., Al Salaimeh, S., Andjelic, S. S., & Djukic, G. P. (2023). Human resource management effects functioning on balanced scorecard: Jordanian public joint-stock companies. In Managing Inflation and Supply Chain Disruptions in the Global Economy (pp. 81–103). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5876-1.ch006

Ilyas, W., Farooqi, Y. A., & Ahmad, M. (2016). Effect of human resource management practices on employee performance: A study of Telecom sector. Journal of Resources Development and Management, 20, 61–71.

Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., & Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management. Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 1–56. https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2014.872335

Jain, N.C., & Saakshi, J. (2005). Textbook of personnel management and human resources. AITBS Publishers.

Jouda, A. A., Ahmad, U. N. U., & Dahleez, K. A. (2016). The impact of HRM Practices on employees performance: The case of islamic university of Gaza (IUG) in Palestine. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(4), 1080–1088.

Judge, T. A., & Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability – with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.80

Khan, R. A. G., Khan, F. A., & Khan, M. A. (2011). Impact of training and development on organizational performance. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 11(7), 63–68.

Kim, S., Wright, P. M., & Su, Z. (2010). Human resource management and firm performance in China: A critical review. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 48(1), 58–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1038411109356496

Kokkaew, N., & Koompai, S. (2012). Current practices of human resource management (HRM) in Thai construction industry: A risk and opportunity perspective. Review of Integrative Business & Economics Research, 1(1), 1–14.

Konings, J. (2008). The impact of training on productivity and wages-evidence from Belgian firm level panel data (LICOS Discussion Papers 19708). LICOS – Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance, KU Leuven. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1107108

Kumar, D. P., Satish, A., & Asadi, S. S. (2018). Evaluation of human resources management in construction industry using analytical apporoach: A model study. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(2), 95–104.

Kuvaas, B. (2008). An exploration of how the employee–organization relationship affects the linkage between perception of developmental human resource practices and employee outcomes. Journal of Management Studies, 45(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00710.x

Kwenin, D. O., Muathe, S., & Nzulwa, R. (2013). The influence of employee rewards, human resource policies and job satisfaction on the retention of employees in Vodafone Ghana Limited. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 13–20.

Lamba, S., & Choudhary, N. (2013). Impact of HRM practices on organizational commitment of employees. International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, 2(4), 407–423.

Lee, F.-H., Lee, T.-Z., & Wu, W.-Y. (2010). The relationship between human resource management practices, business strategy and firm performance: Evidence from steel industry in Taiwan. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(9), 1351–1372. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2010.488428

Leibowitz, Z. B., Farren, C., & Kaye, B. L. (1986). Designing career development systems. Pfeiffer.

Lewis, R. (1993). Review article: Career management for all. Smart Moves: Successful strategies and tactics for career management Golzen, G. and Garner, A. Penguin, London, 1992 Paperback, 315 pp. ISBN 0 14 012026 2 £5.99. Managing careers: Strategies for organizations. Mayo, A. IPM, London, 1991 Hardback, 315 pp ISBN 0 85292 467 43 10 £22.95 plus £2.00 p&p from the Marketing Department, IPM House, Camp Road, Wimbledon, London SW19 4UX. Total career management. Clark, F. McGraw-Hill (Henley Management Series), London, 1991 Hardback, 223 pp. ISBN 0 07 707558 7 £19.95. The career management challenge. Herriot, P. Sage. London. 1992 Paperback, 180 pp. ISBN 0 8039 8656 4 £10.95. The career doctor. Yeager, N. John Wiley, New York, 1991 Hardback, 260 pp. ISBN 0471 54497 3 £18.95. Management Education and Development, 24(2), 172–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/135050769302400207

Li, J., & Pilz, M. (2023). International transfer of vocational education and training: A literature review. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 75(2), 185–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2020.1847566

Liao, T.-S., Rice, J., & Martin, N. (2011). The role of the market in transforming training and knowledge to superior performance: evidence from the Australian manufacturing sector. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(2), 376–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.540161

Lim, L. J. W., & Ling, F. Y. Y. (2012). Human resource practices of contractors that lead to job satisfaction of professional staff. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 19(1), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1108/09699981211192599

Little, G. (2011). The role of human resources management in the modern organization: Making human resources the driver of success (Kindle ed.). Self Help Guides Limited.

Long, C. S., Kowang, T. O., Muthuveloo, R., & Ping, T. A. (2013). A review on the relationship between HRM practices and firms’ performance. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 7(2), 312–316.

Loosemore, M., Dainty, A., & Lingard, H. (2003). Human resource management in construction projects: Strategic and operational approaches. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203417881

Loshali, S., & Krishnan, V. R. (2013). Strategic human resource management and firm performance: Mediating role of transformational leadership. Journal of Strategic Human Resource Management, 2(1), 9–19.

Luna‐Arocas, R., & Camps, J. (2008). A model of high performance work practices and turnover intentions. Personnel Review, 37(1), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480810839950

MacDuffie, J. P. (1995). Human resource bundles and manufacturing performance: Organizational logic and flexible production systems in the world auto industry. ILR Review, 48(2), 197–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/001979399504800201

Mahadevan, A., & Mohamed, F. (2014). Impact of human resource management (HRM) practices on employee performance (A case of Telekom Malaysia). International Journal of Accounting & Business Management, 2(2), 29–42.

Maliha, M. N., Abu Aisheh, Y. I., Tayeh, B. A., & Almalki, A. (2021). Safety barriers identification, classification, and ways to improve safety performance in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry: Review study. Sustainability, 13(6), Article 3316. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063316

Maliha, M. N., Tayeh, B. A., & Abu Aisheh, Y. I. (2020). Building information modeling (BIM) in enhancing the applying of knowledge areas in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 14(1), 388–401. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874149502014010388

Mamatha, H. K., Shalini, N., Rao, D., & Mahalakshmi, A. M. (2023). Human resource management in hospitals. In A guide to hospital administration and planning (pp. 51–65). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6692-7_4

Manolescu, A. (n.d.). Human resource management (4th ed.). The Economic Publishing House.

Margareta, V. (2023). Improvement of human resources management as the main factor for efficiency increase at an enterprise [PhD thesis]. Technical University of Moldova, Moldova.

Martin, L. (2000). Crisis management in construction projects. ASCE. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784404911

Marwat, Z. A., Qureshi, T. M., & Ramay, M. I. (2006). Impact of human resource management (HRM) practices on employees performance. A case of Pakistani telecom sector.

McCloy, R. A., Campbell, J. P., & Cudeck, R. (1994). A confirmatory test of a model of performance determinants. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 493–505. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.493

Memon, S. B., Panhwar, A. I., & Rohra, L. C. (2010). Investigating the mediating role of human resource policies in employee retention. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(8), 4046–4057.

Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research, and application. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231556

Milkovich, G. T., & Boudreau, J. W. (1988). Personnel/human resource management: A diagnostic approach. Business Publications.

Mullins, L. J. (1999). Management and organisational behaviour. Financial Times Pitman.

Munjuri, M. G. (2011). The effect of human resource management practices in enhancing employee performance in catholic institutions of Higher Learning in Kenya. International Journal of Business Administration, 2(4), 189–224. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v2n4p189

Otengah, W., Omolo, J. W., & Oginda, M. N. (2013). Influence of human resource management practices on the performance of small and medium enterprises in Kisumu Municipality, Kenya.

Othman, I., Hashim, Z., Mohamad, H., & Napiah, M. (2018). The framework for effective human resource management at construction site. MATEC Web of Conferences, 203, Article 02002. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820302002

Pareek, U. N., & Rao, T. V. (1981). Designing and managing human resource systems: With special emphasis on human resource development. Oxford & IBH.

Pfeffer, J. (1994). Competitive advantage through people. California Management Review, 36(2), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165742

Porter, L. W., & Lawler, E. E. (1968). What job attitudes tell about motivation. Harvard Business Review Reprint Service.

Prasad, L. M. (2006). Human resource management. Sultan Chand & Sons Educational Publishers.

Qasim, S., Cheema, F. E. A., & Syed, N. A. (2012). Exploring factors affecting employees’ job satisfaction at work. Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 8(1), 31–39. https://doi.org/10.46745/ilma.jbs.2012.08.01.04

Quansah, N. (2013). The impact of HRM practices on organisational performance: The case study of some selected rural banks [Master’s thesis]. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Techology.

Raidén, A. B., Dainty, A. R. J., & Neale, R. H. (2001). The development of a strategic employee resourcing framework (SERF) for construction.

Ramin, M. H., & Ghoddousi, P. (2022). Investigation of motivational factors in construction projects. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 7(4), 1163–1174.

Ravand, M. (2014). Human resource professionalism: A panacea for public organizations. AuthorHouse.

Rayton, B. A. (2006). Examining the interconnection of job satisfaction and organizational commitment: An application of the bivariate probit model. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(1), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190500366649

Rodgers, W., Murray, J. M., Stefanidis, A., Degbey, W. Y., & Tarba, S. Y. (2023). An artificial intelligence algorithmic approach to ethical decision-making in human resource management processes. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), Article 100925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100925

Rogelberg, S. G. (2007). Encyclopedia of industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 1). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952651

Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 6(1), 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-06-2018-0034

Salas, E., Tannenbaum, S. I., Kraiger, K., & Smith-Jentsch, K. A. (2012). The science of training and development in organizations: What matters in practice. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13(2), 74–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100612436661

Sarkodie, G. W. (2011). Training and development and employee performance in district assemblies in Ghana (Bosomtwe district assembly) [Master’s thesis]. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Techology.

Sattar, T., Ahmad, K., & Hassan, S. M. (2015). Role of human resource practices in employee performance and job satisfaction with mediating effect of employee engagement. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 53(1), 81–96.

Savage, G. T., Fottler, M. D., & Khatri, N. (2010). Strategic human resource management in health care. Emerald Group Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-8231(2010)9

Savaneviciene, A., & Stankeviciute, Z. (2012). Human resource management and performance: From practices towards sustainable competitive advantage. In H. Cuadra-Montiel (Ed.), Globalization - Education and management agendas (pp. 179–206). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/47800

Schuler, R. S. (2000). The internationalization of human resource management. Journal of International Management, 6(3), 239–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1075-4253(00)00025-9

Shantz, A., & Latham, G. P. (2009). An exploratory field experiment of the effect of subconscious and conscious goals on employee performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 109(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.01.001

Shukurullayevna, X. E. (2021). Improving human resource management in construction. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 11(1), 1422–1425. https://doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2021.00215.9

Sinambela, E. A., Darmawan, D., & Mendrika, V. (2022). Effectiveness of efforts to establish quality human resources in the organization. Journal of Marketing and Business Research, 2(1), 47–58.

Singh, N. R., & Kassa, B. (2016). The impact of human resource management practice on organizational performance-a study on Debre Brehan University. International Journal of Recent Advances in Organizational Behaviour and Decision Sciences, 1(1), 643–662.

Singh, S. K., Mazzucchelli, A., Vessal, S. R., & Solidoro, A. (2021). Knowledge-based HRM practices and innovation performance: Role of social capital and knowledge sharing. Journal of International Management, 27(1), Article 100830. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100830

Snell, S. A. (1992). Control theory in strategic human resource management: The mediating effect of administrative information. Academy of Management Journal, 35(2), 292–327. https://doi.org/10.2307/256375

Tabiu, A., & Nura, A. A. (2013). Assessing the effects of human resource management (HRM) practices on employee job performance: of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 5(2), 247–259.

Tayeh, B., Al-Hallaq, K., Alaloul, W., & Kuhail, A. (2018a). Factors affecting the success of construction projects in Gaza Strip. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 12, 301–315. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874149501812010301

Tayeh, O. A., Al-Hallaq, K., & Tayeh, B. A. (2018b). Importance of organizational culture for Gaza strip construction companies. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 8(1), 35–39.

Teo, M. E., Sarpin, N., Seow, T. W., & Shafii, H. (2022). The impact of human resources strategies on worker’s performance in construction project. Research in Management of Technology and Business, 3(1), 509–521.

Terera, S. R., & Ngirande, H. (2014). The impact of rewards on job satisfaction and employee retention. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1), 481–487. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n1p481

Tiwari, P., & Saxena, K. (2012). Human resource management practices: A comprehensive review. Pakistan Business Review, 9(2), 669–705.

Waiganjo, E. W., Mukulu, E., & Kahiri, J. (2012). Relationship between strategic human resource management and firm performance of Kenya’s corporate organizations. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(10), 62–70.

Walker, J. W. (1980). Human resource planning. McGraw-Hill College.

Werbel, J. D., & Gould, S. (1984). A comparison of the relationship of commitment to turnover in recent hires and tenured employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(4), 687–690. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.69.4.687

Widyanty, W., Daito, A., Riyanto, S., & Nusraningrum, D. (2020). Gaining a competitive advantage through strategic human resource management in Indonesian construction industry. Management Science Letters, 10(9), 2021–2028. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.2.010

Wiese, D. S., & Buckley, M. R. (1998). The evolution of the performance appraisal process. Journal of Management History (Archive), 4(3), 233–249. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552529810231003

Wright, P. M., & Snell, S. A. (1998). Toward a unifying framework for exploring fit and flexibility in strategic human resource management. Academy of Management Review, 23(4), 756–772. https://doi.org/10.2307/259061

Yu, S., Awasthi, A. K., Ma, W., Wen, M., di Sarno, L., Wen, C., & Hao, J. L. (2022). In support of circular economy to evaluate the effects of policies of construction and demolition waste management in three key cities in Yangtze River Delta. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 26, Article 100625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2022.100625

Yuslem, N., Sugianto, S., & Ichsan, R. N. (2022). The human resource development strategies in improving employee performance in cooperatives. Jurnal Akta, 9(3), 270–289. https://doi.org/10.30659/akta.v9i3.25745

Zehir, C., Gurol, Y., Karaboga, T., & Kole, M. (2016). Strategic human resource management and firm performance: the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 372–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.045

Zhai, X., & Liu, A. (2010). The relationship between human resource practices and organizational performance in the Chinese construction enterprises. In Proceedings of CIB World Building Congress.

Zhang, Z., Waszink, A., & Wijngaard, J. (1999). Developing an instrument for measuring TQM implementation in a Chinese context. Graduate School/Research Institute Systems, Organisation and Management.